Topological insulators are strange stuff – the bulk of this material is insulating and cannot carry an electrical current, yet the surfaces of the same material are conducting. This means that charged ...

It hardly conducts any electricity at all, so we can say it’s an electrical insulator. Inside the plastic, all the electrons are tightly bound to the atoms, so the charges cannot move very far ...

Topological insulators are materials that are insulating in their interior but can support the flow of electrons on their surface. The underlying cause is time-reversal symmetry: their physics is ...

whereas the bandgap in charge-transfer insulators exists between anion and cation states. The Hubbard model is one of the simplest models that can capture the Mott transition – a transition from a ...