those that fall into the general class of frequency modulation. Frequency-modulated (FM) waveforms can entail linear (LFM) or nonlinear (NLFM) modulation of the frequency of the transmit waveform.

Frequency Modulation (or FM) synthesis is a simple and powerful method for creating and controlling complex spectra, introduced by John Chowning of Stanford University around 1973. In its simplest ...

As would be expected, a modulation waveform devoid of its carrier wave differs significantly from that with the carrier wave intact since the former is composed of only the upper and lower sidebands ...

Amplitude modulation (AM) is also widely used to alter a carrier wave to transmit data. For example, in AM radio, the voltage (amplitude) of a carrier with a fixed center frequency (the station's ...

(1) An earlier magnetic disk encoding method that places clock bits onto the medium along with the data bits. It was superseded by MFM and RLL. FM radio was invented in the early 1930s by Edwin ...

This paper describes a generalized method to achieve Direct Waveform Synthesis (DWS ... The signal obtained at the intermediate frequency for a generic amplitude modulation (PAM or QAM, [9]) can be ...